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Identify intermolecular forces between two species and their impact on states of matter and solubility
Assessment Strategies
Written Product (observations and results)
Criteria
Predict the solubility of organic molecules based on the intermolecular forces with the solvents
Correlate the states of matter with the strength of intermolecular forces
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Apply the types of intermolecular forces to biological systems
Assessment Strategies
Presentation, Written Product
Criteria
Illustrate the importance of hydrogen bonding in the structure of proteins and nucleic acids
Show examples of intermolecular forces involved in protein folding
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Apply collision theory to explain and classify reaction rates
Assessment Strategies
Presentation, Written Product
Criteria
Use collision theory to explain factors that influence reactions rates (concentration, temperature, state of matter)
Distinguish between graphical representations of reactions of different kinetic orders
Describe the effect of a catalyst on the reaction rates
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Determine reaction order and rate law based upon experimental concentration change, and vice-versa
Assessment Strategies
Written Product (observations and results)
Criteria
Define and explain the concepts of reaction rate, rate constant, reaction order, initial rates
Determine the rate laws from initial rates
Calculate concentration or time from the rate law
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Explain the general mechanism of enzymes as biological catalysts
Assessment Strategies
Written Product (observations and results)
Criteria
Define catalysts, activation energy, half-life, rate-determining step
Demonstrate quantitatively how the Michaelis-Menten equation relates to the determination of maximum reaction rates in enzyme kinetics
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Explain the transfer of energy in chemical reactions
Assessment Strategies
Written Product
Criteria
Distinguish between endothermic and exothermic reactions
Distinguish between internal energy, potential energy, kinetic energy, work, heat transfer, enthalpy
Measure reaction enthalpies using calorimetry
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Apply thermodynamics to the directionality of chemical reactions
Assessment Strategies
Written Product
Criteria
Define spontaneous and non-spontaneous reactions
Distinguish between spontaneity and reaction rate
Distinguish between spontaneous and exothermic
Define entropy and Gibbs free energy
Calculate changes in enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy for a given reaction at standard state
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Describe characteristics of a system at equilibrium
Assessment Strategies
Written Product
Criteria
Define reversible reactions, chemical equilibrium and equilibrium constant
Write an expression for the equilibrium constant for a given reversible reaction
Calculate the equilibrium constant and concentrations based upon experimental data
Calculate reaction quotient and compare to the equilibrium constant to determine extent of reaction
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Explain different factors that affect equilibrium
Assessment Strategies
Written Product
Criteria
Use Le Chatelier's Principle to predict how changes in concentration, temperature, pressure and addition of catalyst affect shifts in equilibrium
Predict the direction of a reaction to reach equibrium
Correlate the equilibrium shift with the change in reaction energy
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Apply concepts of solubility and equilibrium to the chemistry of solutes and solutions
Assessment Strategies
Written Product
Criteria
Distinguish between unsaturated, saturated and supersaturated solutions
Correlate solubility and intermolecular forces
Explain semipermeable membranes, osmosis and its role in the balance of solutes in the living cell
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Explain the difference between concentration and strength of acid or base solutions
Assessment Strategies
Written Product
Criteria
Define Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry acids and bases, conjugate acids and bases, salts, amphiprotic, polyprotic acids
Calculate acid and base dissociation constants
Predict the products of acid/base reactions
Predict relative strength of acids and bases based upon acid and base dissociation constants
Calculate unknowns using the relationships between pH, pOH, hydrogen and hydroxide ion concentrations, and Kw
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Explain the function and mechanism of buffer systems.
Assessment Strategies
Written Product (observations and results)
Criteria
Use Henderson-Hasselbach equation to determine pH of a buffer solution of given concentration
Use Henderson-Hasselbach equation to calculation the relative concentrations required to prepare a buffer solution of specified pH
Identify common buffers used in biotechnology
Perform acid/base titrations in lab
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Apply concepts of acid/base chemistry to systems encountered in biotechnology
Assessment Strategies
Presentation, Written Product
Criteria
Discuss how changes in pH affect solubility of an organic molecule
Investigate influence of pH and intermolecular forces on electrophoretic mobility of a charged species
Describe qualitatively how pH meters and acid/base indicators work
Give examples of acid/base indicators used in biotechnology
Describe pH monitoring systems and their role in biotechnology
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Apply concepts of redox chemistry to biological systems
Assessment Strategies
Presentation, Written Product
Criteria
Identify which species are reduced/oxidized in a redox reaction
Identify oxidated and reduced species in a biochemical reaction
Identify the parts of an electrolytic cell and explain what happens at the anode and cathode
Predict the direction of movement of charged species in an electrolytic cell