30-531-100EMR/EMT 1
Course Information
Description
Prepares students to perform emergency medical care sanctioned by the Wisconsin Department of Health Services, EMS Section scope of practice for the EMR/EMT. Includes foundational knowledge and skill application for both EMR/ EMT in the following areas: the EMS system, EMR/EMT responsibilities, legal and ethical standards, patient movement techniques, pathophysiology, body systems and functions, patient assessment and treatment, pharmacology, shock and resuscitation, age-specific patient considerations, special medical considerations, medication administration, airway anatomy and management. Successful completion prepares the learner for Wisconsin EMR Certification and the National Registry EMR written examination.  * This curriculum is designed to address all three sets of external standards listed below. Each competency or criterion that is identified with an asterisk is considered an advanced skill of the curriculum, based upon “optional” skills, equipment or medications from the Wisconsin EMR Scope of Practice. For EMR, these include: Airway – Non-visualized; Oxygen Therapy – Nebulizer; Oxygen Therapy – Nasal Cannula; Oxygen Therapy – Non- Rebreather Mask; Hemorrhage Control – Wound Packing; Aerosolized, Nebulized Medication Administration; Intramuscular Medication Administration; Intranasal Medication Administration; Blood Glucose Monitoring; and the following medications - Albuterol, Aspirin, Epinephrine (1:1,000), Glucose, Naloxone, and Oxygen.
Total Credits
3
Course Competencies
  1. Analyze the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) system
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    explain the EMS System's structure(s)
    explain the role the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) plays in the system
    explain access to the Emergency Medical Services
    detail the education required for EMR credentialing
    detail the education required for EMT licensing*
    analyze Authorization to Practice requirements
    differentiate between quality improvement and quality assurance in the EMS system
    analyze the roles of medical oversight in the EMS system
    explain culture of safety in the EMS system

  2. Evaluate EMR/EMT responsibilities
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    categorize EMS professional roles
    explain EMR/EMT role responsibilities
    characterize professional EMR/EMT behavior
    explain EMR/EMT role in quality improvement
    analyze the impact of Research on emergency medical care
    explain the EMR scope of practice
    analyze the emotional aspects of Emergency Care
    explain the importance of EMR/EMT physical wellness
    explain the importance of EMR/EMT psychological wellness
    analyze safety precautions used while working on and near roadways
    analyze disease transmission safety protocols
    analyze EMR responsibilities related to public health
    select appropriate PPE for a variety of responses
    demonstrate correct use of chosen PPE
    identify common immunizations
    identify immunizations that should be obtained by the EMR/EMT

  3. Apply EMR operational procedures
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    analyze field operations
    analyze ambulance operations
    analyze patient extrication operations
    analyze hazardous materials operations
    analyze multiple casualty incident operations
    analyze air medical operations
    analyze incident management
    analyze EMS response to terrorism
    apply decontamination procedures
    meet WI weapons of mass destruction training requirement

  4. Apply EMR legal requirements and ethical standards
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    explain legal aspect of EMS scope of practice
    characterize advance directives
    explain the ethical issues related to starting and stopping resuscitation
    explain legal aspects of consent for various populations
    explain legal aspects of right of refusal requirements
    identify other legal considerations for the EMS professions
    apply confidentiality laws
    explain mandatory reporting laws
    explain the legal aspects of patient restraint
    document minimum data set
    complete pre-hospital care report
    document patient refusal

  5. Apply EMR communication principles
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    apply therapeutic communication techniques
    apply positive relationship building techniques
    use interviewing techniques
    apply verbal diffusing techniques
    apply special situation interview techniques
    identify communication technology components
    use technology-specific communication techniques
    apply accepted principles of documentation 
    apply Diversity Equity and Inclusion communication principles
    use foundational medical terminology

  6. Apply correct patient movement techniques
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    define body mechanics
    distinguish between urgent and non-urgent patient movement techniques
    apply patient positioning guidelines
    apply correct restraint techniques*
    apply patient movement guidelines
    use patient movement equipment safely*

  7. Analyze pathophysiology principles
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    explain components of ambient air
    explain airway patency
    explain obstructions at various anatomic levels
    characterize respiratory changes associated with respiratory compromise
    explain minute ventilation
    explain alveolar ventilation
    discuss alterations in regulation of respiration due to medical or traumatic conditions
    characterize perfusion and shock
    identify the composition of blood
    convert imperial measurements to metric measurements

  8. Identify body system functions
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    explain the different anatomical positions
    identify components of the musculoskeletal system
    explain the purpose of the musculoskeletal system
    identify components of the respiratory system
    explain the purpose of the respiratory system
    identify components of the circulatory system
    explain the purpose of the circulatory system
    identify components of the nervous system
    explain the purpose of the nervous system
    explain the different anatomical positions
    identify components of the endocrine system
    explain the purpose of the endocrine system
    identify components of the reproductive system
    explain the purpose of the reproductive system
    identify components  of the integumentary system
    explain the purpose of the integumentary system
    identify components of the digestive system
    explain the purpose of the digestive system
    identify components of the lymphatic system
    explain the purpose of the lymphatic system

  9. Characterize human development stages
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    analyze infant development
    analyze toddler development
    analyze pre-school aged child development
    analyze school-aged child development
    analyze adolescent development
    analyze early-adulthood development
    analyze middle adulthood development
    analyze late adulthood development

  10. Analyze EMR medication profiles*
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    identify drug trade and generic names*
    identify drug indications*
    identify drug actions*
    identify drug classifications*
    identify drug contraindications*
    identify drug side effects*
    identify drug dosages*
    identify drug routes*

  11. Administer medications safely
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    apply safe medication administration practices
    integrate medication safety*
    use universal precautions during medication delivery
    identify the six rights of drug administration*
    reassess patient after medication administration*
    apply medication cross-check safety principles*
    use resources for safe administration of weight-based dosing*

  12. Relate the anatomy of the airway to airway management
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    explain patency of the airway
    analyze respiratory compromise
    explain age-related variations in pediatric patients
    differentiate between an adequate and inadequate airway
    compare/contrast the signs and symptoms of a patient with an adequate and inadequate airway
    identify the anatomical structures of the airway

  13. Relate the anatomy of the airway to the process of respiration
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    identify reasons for inadequate respiration
    examine vascular structures that support respiration
    analyze how the diaphragm and accessory muscles aid in ventilation
    explain tidal volumes related to the ventilation process
    explain dead space volumes related to the ventilation process
    explain the physiology and pathophysiology of oxygenation
    differentiate between adequate and inadequate respiration and ventilation
    describe management of a patient with adequate vs inadequate ventilation

  14. Apply airway management techniques
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    identify oxygen concentration for oxygen delivery devices*
    identify reasons for interruption of ventilation
    examine the physiology and pathophysiology of ventilation
    demonstrate techniques of a tracheobronchial suctioning
    demonstrate techniques of upper airway suctioning
    explain anatomy as it relates to the use of non-visualized airways*
    identify components of non-visualized airways*
    outline indications and contraindications for use of non-visualized airways*
    demonstrate insertion and use of non-visualized airways*
    demonstrate the removal of a non-visualized airway*
    identify gastric distention
    demonstrate gastric decompression with the usage of an advanced airway*
    demonstrate head tilt-chin lift method
    demonstrate modified jaw thrust method
    demonstrate the need for either nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal airway devices
    demonstrate the use of nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal airway devices
    identify techniques of upper airway suctioning
    explain oxygen safety considerations
    demonstrate safe oxygen cylinder handling
    use an oxygen cylinder
    demonstrate the ventilation of a patient
    demonstrate use of oxygen delivery devices

  15. Apply patient assessment process
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    identify common scene hazards
    obtain patient history
    identify chief complaint
    determine if critical life-saving interventions are needed
    apply components of a primary assessment/survey
    perform a primary assessment
    determine if age-related assessment considerations apply
    modify assessment based on patient age
    obtain vital signs
    perform reassessment
    perform secondary assessment
    apply ECG monitoring patches*
    apply ECG monitoring patches for obtaining acquisition and transmission of 12, 15, and 18-lead ECGs*
    apply end-tidal (ETCO2) CO2 monitoring equipment if used for a non-visualized or advanced airway

  16. Apply fundamental medical care within the scope of EMR practice
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    administer age-appropriate treatment
    address any altered mental status
    address Abdominal and Gastrointestinal emergencies
    address infectious disease emergencies
    address endocrine disorder emergencies
    address psychiatric disorder emergencies
    address cardiovascular emergencies
    address toxicological emergencies
    address respiratory emergencies
    address Immunology Emergencies
    address Non-Traumatic Musculoskeletal emergencies
    address emergencies related to Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat
    administer appropriate medications (scope specific)*

  17. Apply fundamental trauma care within the EMR scope of practice
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    modify assessment as needed for trauma patient(s)
    provide age-appropriate treatment for trauma patient(s)
    address bleeding
    address chest trauma
    address Abdominal and Genitourinary Trauma
    address Orthopedic Trauma
    address Soft Tissue Trauma
    address Head, Facial, Neck and Spine Trauma
    address Special Considerations in Trauma
    address Environmental Emergencies
    address Multi-System Trauma
    address burn trauma
    analyze the spinal stabilization assessment
    apply pharmacological treatments based on trauma emergencies*

  18. Address special considerations in patient treatment
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    modify assessment for patients with special challenges
    modify treatment for patients with special challenges
    identify home healthcare equipment that informs of patient status and care
    address gynecological emergencies
    address obstetric emergencies
    address labor and delivery emergencies
    address newborn emergencies
    apply pharmacological treatments*

  19. Address shock
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    identify shock signs and symptoms
    identify patient in shock
    characterize stages of shock
    identify types of shock
    apply treatment(s) based on the shock type
    apply pharmacological treatments based upon type of shock*

  20. Resuscitate patient
    Assessment Strategies
    Oral, Written, Graphic and/or Skill Assessment
    Criteria
    treat cardiac arrest through use of external defibrillation devices
    perform appropriate BLS by current AHA guidelines
    perform appropriate age-related CPR to current AHA guidelines
    apply CCR techniques*