20815211Art History--Women In Art
Course Information
Description
Explores gender studies as they apply to the historical, cultural, and socio-economic context of women artists and feminist art in Western art history. Examines the production of women artists from the Middle Ages through current issues and the ideologies that influence our understanding of and access to the artistic production of women. Theories and experiences of gender, race, class, and sexual orientation will be considered. 
Total Credits
3

Course Competencies
  1. Examine the gender bias of art history and its consequences for the representation of women artists and the interpretation of their work
    Assessment Strategies
    Discussion, quiz and exam, blog
    Criteria
    Define foundational terms for the discussion of gender in art history
    Determine influence of gender on conditions of production of art
    Determine influence of gender on conditions of production of art through art history
    Examine art history as a constructed narrative privy to ideology
    Identify alternative construction and readings of art history
    Become familiar with ideological categories of male and female in art history

  2. Determine the influence of Christian theology on notions of gender in the Middle Ages
    Assessment Strategies
    Discussion, quiz and exam, blog
    Criteria
    Discuss the context of artistic production in the Middle Ages
    Examine a case study: Hildegard of Bingen
    Summarize Hildegard of Bingen’s life, vocation, and creative output
    Examine gendered power structures in place during Hildegard of Bingen’s lifetime
    Analyze Hildegard of Bingen’s strategies of subversion to overcome gender asymmetry
    Discuss power imbalances and subversive strategies as they relate to Hildegard of Bingen
    Discuss new insights in contemporary context

  3. Determine gendered notions of artistic creation in Italian Renaissance
    Assessment Strategies
    Discussion, quiz and exam, blog
    Criteria
    Examine the general conditions of artistic production in Italian Renaissance
    Discuss notions of gender regarding artistic creation during Italian Renaissance
    Identify female artists from the Italian Renaissance, with a focus on Artemisia Gentileschi’s work and life
    Recognize popular motifs for paintings, including Susanna and the Elders and Judith and Holofernes
    Examine the dependence of art historical interpretations of such works depending on the gender of the artist
    Examine the art historical reception and analysis of Artemisia Gentileschi’s work
    Examine the projection of modern concepts on psychology and gender in the interpretation of these works
    Discuss the influence of biography regarding the gendered interpretation of these works
    Discuss new insights in a contemporary context

  4. Explore new definitions of sex and gender introduced in 18th and 19th century France and England
    Assessment Strategies
    Discussion, quiz and exam, blog
    Criteria
    Introduce Enlightenment notions of male vs. female and culture vs. nature according to Rousseau and others
    Explore the continued idealization of women as mothers and domestic beings as part of the progressive bourgeois ideology of the time
    Analyze Victorian notions on female sexuality and its consequences for “adequate” gendered behavior
    Examine the impact on gendered ideas of “adequate” artistic production for women
    Discuss the emergence of the institutionalized differentiation between professional and amateur artists in context with the newly established Academies
    Identify female artists of the time, including Elisabeth-Louise Vigée-Lebrun, Angelika Kauffmann, and Rosa Bonheur
    Recognize Rosa Bonheur as an early pioneer in gender fluidity in life and art

  5. Examine the organization of gender, space, and labor in Impressionist painting
    Assessment Strategies
    Discussion, quiz and exam, blog
    Criteria
    Explain the historical context of Paris as a re-organized, modern urban space
    Identify Beaudelaire and the flâneur
    Discuss urban spaces represented in Impressionist painting and their different accessibility for the sexes
    Examine the directionality of the gaze in these paintings
    Examine the correlation between sex, class, and labor in these spaces: female working class labor produces bourgeois male leisure
    Discuss the work of Mary Cassatt and Berthe Morisot in this context

  6. Analyze the gender politics of the nude in Western art history
    Assessment Strategies
    Discussion, quiz and exam, blog
    Criteria
    Examine the nude as a gendered entity throughout history: from idealized male in ancient Greece to sexualized female in early modern painting
    Discuss the history of the tradition of drawing from the nude
    Specify who was excluded from life-drawing classes and rationalize their exclusion in its historical context
    Correlate exclusions from life-drawing classes to a point in history
    Differentiate between the terms “naked” and “nude”
    Examine Gauguin and the relationship between the nude, the naked, the gaze, primitivism and the “noble savage”, colonialism, and race

  7. Examine Georgia O’Keeffe’s work and its reception as relating to notions of essentialism
    Assessment Strategies
    Discussion, blog, written product
    Criteria
    Discuss O’Keeffe’s work and its context in the circle around Alfred Stieglitz in early 20th New York
    Examine the relationship between O’Keeffe and Stieglitz as her promoter and supporter
    Study her enlarged flower paintings
    Analyze the essentializing and sexualizing critical reception of this work
    Discuss O’Keeffe’s counterstrategy of oscillating between figuration and abstraction, as well as her claim of “objective” painting
    Examine O’Keeffe’s reception by 1970s feminists and its problematic silencing of the artist herself

  8. Determine ascribed gender roles in Surrealism
    Assessment Strategies
    Discussion, blog, written product
    Criteria
    Summarize the basic principles of Freudian psychoanalysis: ego-super-ego-id, conscious-subconscious-unconscious, and dream analysis
    Compare basic principles of Surrealism to Freudian psychoanalysis
    Critique the Second Surrealist Manifesto by André Breton
    Discuss women as symbol vs. women as psychological experience in Surrealist art by male and female artists
    Discuss female Surrealist artists, such as Leonora Carrington, Dorothea Tanning, Meret Oppenheim, Claude Cahun, or Frida Kahlo
    If choosing Claude Cahun, discuss aspects of gender in her work
    If choosing Frida Kahlo, discuss her relationship with Surrealism, as well as the native and political Symbology in her work

  9. Explore the history of modern abstract art and its relationship to gender
    Assessment Strategies
    Discussion, blog, written product
    Criteria
    Outline a rough history of abstract art starting with early 20th century abstraction
    Examine abstract arts relationship to traditions of craft
    Discuss gendered notions of rationality and sensuality in relation to the history of abstract art
    Analyze Abstract Expressionism and its masculinist rhetoric
    Introduce women artists associated with Abstract Expressionists, including Lee Krasner, Helen Frankenthaler, and Agnes Martin
    Examine the critical discourse on Helen Frankenthaler’s work as compared to Jackson Pollock’s work
    Draw conclusions on different critical reception of male and female artists in High Modernism

  10. Analyze the main principles and proponents of 1970s feminist art
    Assessment Strategies
    Discussion, blog, written product, presentation
    Criteria
    Examine feminist art in the United States and Europe between late 1960s and late 1970s
    Differentiate between women artists and feminist art
    Discuss artists such as Judy Chicago, Carolee Schneeman, Hannah Wilke, Lynda Benglis, Mierle Laderman Ukeles, Yoko Ono, Ana Mendieta, Adrian Piper, Valie Export, Gina Pane, Alice Neel, Faith Ringgold, Betye Saar, Mary Kelly, Martha Wilson, Martha Rosler, Joan Jonas, Susan Lacy, WWA, and Las Mujeres Muralistas
    Examine common traits and relevant differences between the work of these artists
    Synthesize insights on 1970s feminism through discussion and writing
    Discuss the problem of essentialism in some of 1970s feminism; make the connection to Georgia O’Keeffe’s reception by 1970s feminist artists

  11. Examine the postmodern notion of performativity in queer theory and its implications for the visual arts
    Assessment Strategies
    Discussion, blog, written product
    Criteria
    Explain the basic tenets of postmodern theory regarding the questioning of authenticity and fixed identity
    Characterize the notions of appropriation and pastiche
    Identify the basic tenets of queer theory regarding notions of performativity as discussed by Judith Butler
    Examine Appropriation Art as practiced by Cindy Sherman and Yasumasa Morimura
    Explore the importance of performativity and queer theory for contemporary art today
    Compare and contrast postmodern notions of performativity with 1970s feminist art aspects of essentialism, authorship, originality, and identity, especially regarding gender and race

  12. Examine the postcolonial and transnational discussion of race and and its application to the visual arts
    Assessment Strategies
    Discussion, blog, written product
    Criteria
    Discuss the U.S.-American context of racial subjugation and its consequence in visual culture using Bell Hooks’ writing on the oppositional gaze
    Analyze stereotypical imagery of black womanhood in the United States and its critical usage by black women artists such as Betye Saar, Carrie Mae Weems, Kara Walker, and Wangechi Mutu
    Evaluate gaze, power, race, and colonialism in a contemporary context using Coco Fusco and Guillermo Gomez-Peña’s cage performance
    Explore individual artists working on issues of postcolonial and transnational feminism
    Synthesize common goals of feminism, postcolonialism, and transnationalism as they relate to visual art

  13. Examine the role of institutions, curational practices, and institutional critique on the visibility of feminist art
    Assessment Strategies
    Discussion, blog, written product
    Criteria
    Analyze the role of the museum as a canonizing institution
    Examine the work of the Guerilla Girls
    Discuss current statistics on the representation of women artists in art institutions
    Examine the role of feminist curating using the examples of WACK! and Global Feminisms
    Examine the role of feminist curating or the lack thereof in major international art events using examples such as the Venice Biennale and the Whitney Bienniale