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Analyze the relationship between food and human health
Assessment Strategies
Exam, quiz, and/or research paper
Criteria
Summarize the importance of the science of nutrition to human health
Define the process by which scientists uncover nutrition facts
Summarize the general functions of the nutrients in the body
Identify the six classes of nutrients including which are organic and which are energy yielding
Differentiate between micronutrients and macronutrients
Summarize the importance and functions of phytonutrients in the diet
Differentiate between those diseases that are strongly influenced by diet and those that are not responsive to nutrition
Calculate caloric value of food
Summarize methods for assessing body weight and body composition
Define energy balance the various uses of energy by the body
Differentiate between body mass index (BMI), basal metabolic rate (BMR) and resting metabolic rate (RMR)
Summarize factors that encourage excess fat storage and obesity
Explain the set-point theory of human weight
Demonstrate critical thinking skills to recognize a fad diet vs. healthy diet
Summarize brain regions and hormones involved in the regulation of hunger and appetite
Discuss physical and behavioral strategies as well as medical interventions for weight loss
Describe the role of serving size and portions in human health
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Examine the components of a healthy eating pattern and diet
Assessment Strategies
Exam, quiz, and/or research paper
Criteria
Explain nutrition standards as well as dietary and physical activity guidelines
Identify the three components that make a healthy eating pattern
Differentiate between nutrient dense foods and energy dense foods
Analyze the components of the Nutrition Facts label
Investigate food planning tools such as MyPlate
Measure nutritional status using the ABCDE’s of nutritional assessment
Define Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI), Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA), Daily Value (DV), Adequate Intake (AI), Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL), and Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)
Evaluate nutrient claims allowed on food labels
Differentiate between undernutrition and overnutrition and the consequences for each
Summarize the importance of phytonutrients in the diet
Differentiate between diseases that are strongly influenced by diet and those that are not responsive to nutrition
Calculate caloric value of food
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Investigate chemical and mechanical processes occurring during digestion
Assessment Strategies
Exam, quiz, and/or research paper
Criteria
Differentiate between digestion and absorption
Identify the digestive structures that food must pass through during digestion
Describe the chemical components and roles of saliva, gastric juice, bile and pancreatic juice
Examine the role(s) of intestinal cell enzymes in chemical digestion
Explain how the small intestine is adapted for the process of nutrient absorption
Describe the role(s) of the colon in chemical digestion and absorption
Summarize the end products of protein, fat and carbohydrate digestion
Summarize the major sites of absorption along the gastrointestinal tract
Differentiate between fiber, prebiotic, and probiotic
Define nutrition-related diseases related to the digestive system
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Illustrate the role of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins in human nutrition
Assessment Strategies
Exam, quiz, and/or research paper
Criteria
Differentiate the roles and caloric value of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins
Summarize the importance and examples of whole grains
Describe the value and the equation for photosynthesis
Identify the three types of monosaccharides and disaccharides
Describe the basic structure of an amino acid
Differentiate between an essential amino acid, limiting amino acid, and a conditionally essential amino acid
Describe the steps of protein synthesis in the cell
Differentiate between amylose, amylopectin, and glycogen
Describe the end product of amino acid metabolism
Identify the two components of a triglyceride
Identify the three major types of lipids
Differentiate between omega 3 fatty acids and omega 6 fatty acids
Describe the value of chylomicrons, LDL, HDL, and VLDL in the transport and delivery of fat
Describe the value of omega-3 fatty acids for cardiovascular health
Summarize the role of essential fatty acids and health
Describe the organization of proteins and the process of denaturation
Summarize the history of non-nutritive sweeteners
Illustrate the breakdown and absorption of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins in the digestive system
Explain how the body regulates carbohydrates in the body
Describe nutrition-related diseases related to protein, carbohydrate, and fat metabolism
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Investigate the roles of vitamins, minerals, and water in human health
Assessment Strategies
Exam, quiz, and/or research paper
Criteria
Summarize the function of water in the body and the regulatory mechanisms of fluid balance
Characterize fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins
Characterize major minerals and trace minerals
Compare methods to preserve nutrient content of food
Describe the effects of cooking on vitamin content of food
Illustrate the process of vitamin and mineral absorption and storage
Explain the dangers of vitamin and mineral deficiency and toxicity
Identify one or two vitamins that function as antioxidants
Explain the function and deficiency symptoms of vitamins A, C, D, E, K, and all B vitamins
Identify the coenzymes associated with B vitamins involved in energy metabolism
Summarize the function and deficiency symptoms of sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, iron, zinc, selenium, iodine, copper, fluoride, chromium, and manganese
Illustrate the role of high sodium consumption in the development of hypertension
Summarize the function of vitamin blood transport proteins such as transferrin and ceruloplasmin
Evaluate the risks and benefits of using of dietary supplements
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Evaluate the role of fitness and sports in human health
Assessment Strategies
Exam, quiz, and/or research paper
Criteria
Differentiate between a sedentary and an active lifestyle
Summarize positive health-related outcomes of a physically active lifestyle
Identify key elements of a sound fitness regimen
Illustrate the role of carbohydrates, fat, and protein in meeting energy needs during different activities
Differentiate between anaerobic and aerobic uses of glucose
Explain how muscles and organs adapt to exercise
Summarize the value of fluid intake during exercise and the problems associated with dehydration
Identify popular ergogenic aids and describe their effects on athletic performance
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Analyze the biological, social, and psychological factors of eating disorders
Assessment Strategies
Exam, quiz, and/or research paper
Criteria
Describe how the media’s portrayal of an “ideal” body type can increase the chances of developing an eating disorder in some people
Compare the biological effects of addictive drugs vs. delicious food on neurotransmitter release in the brain
Describe psychological factors that can increase the chances of developing an eating disorder
Differentiate between anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder
Summarize the common behaviors and the physical effects of anorexia nervosa
Summarize the common behaviors and the physical effects of bulimia nervosa
Summarize the common behaviors and the physical effects of binge eating
Differentiate other eating disorders such as muscle dysmorphia, pica, and night eating disorders
Describe prevention and treatment options for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating
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Explain the impact of food safety measures on human health
Assessment Strategies
Exam, quiz, and/or research paper
Criteria
Describe common viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites that contaminate food and cause illness
Describe natural substances in food and environmental contaminants that cause illness
Compare and contrast food preservation methods
Identify the federal agencies responsible for monitoring the food supply in the United States
Evaluate the use of food additives as well as the GRAS list
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Investigate nutrition throughout the life cycle
Assessment Strategies
Exam, quiz, and/or research paper
Criteria
Describe the role of nutrition in the growth and psychological development from infancy to adolescence
Describe how psychological and physiological changes of aging affect the nutritional status of adults
Summarize the benefits of physical activity for children, teenagers, and adults in the prevention of obesity
Identify specific nutrients often found to be lacking in children and teenagers
Compare the benefits of moderate alcohol intake to the risks of alcohol abuse
Evaluate dietary strategies to meet the nutritional needs for children, teenagers, adults, and expectant mothers
Describe the importance of growth charts for children
Define failure to thrive, autism spectrum disorder, and dental caries
Explain prevention strategies to reduce the risk of developing a food allergy
Summarize the challenges parents may face in dealing with eating habits of children and teenagers
Evaluate the purported effects and risks of common herbal products and supplements
Describe how nutrition affects fertility
Describe the physiological changes and nutrient demand changes that occur during pregnancy
Evaluate optimal ranges of weight gain during pregnancy
Design an adequate, balanced meal plan for a pregnant or breastfeeding woman based on MyPlate
Summarize the physiological processes involved in breastfeeding
Compare the nutritional requirements of a breastfeeding woman and a pregnant woman
Identify two or three advantages of breastfeeding for both mother and infant
Relate the nutritional status of the mother with the risk of birth defects of the infant
Outline basic guidelines for exercise during pregnancy
Summarize pregnancy complications and discomforts that may be reduced by improving dietary patterns