-
Distinguish plants from animals
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you distinguish between photoautotrophs from chemoheterotrophs
you relate the plant structure to its nutritional life style
-
Explain 10 uses of plants
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you provide 10 general examples of how plants are used by humans
-
Explain the use of scientific methods in the study of plants
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you provide a list of the general steps involved in providing a scientific answer to a biological question
-
Identify the elemental substances critical to plants
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you distinguish between essential from non-essential elements
you distinguish between macroelements and microelements
you list the six macroelements
you summarize the use of hydroponics to identify essential elements
you explain the concept of deficiency disease
-
Distinguish between organic and inorganic substances
Assessment Strategies
on lecture exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify carbon as the central element in organic materials
you summarize the five features of carbon that are critical to its role in organic molecules
-
Explain the molecular composition of plant tissues
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you list the three major components of a biological sample
you summarize the general roles of each component
-
Explain a polymer
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you make a diagram illustrating structure of a polymer
you summarize role of monomers in polymer structure
you give three examples of biological polymers
-
Explain the levels of complexity exhibited by carbohydrates
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize the monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides
you distinguish between pentoses and hexoses
you summarize how monosaccharides can be linked together by glycosidic bonds
you summarize the structure and roles of three common disaccharides
you compare/contrast the structure and functions of starch and cellulose
you summarize the use of plant carbohydrates by humans
-
Explain how various carbohydrates are used by humans
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify the economically important monosacchides, dissacchides and polysacchaides
you identify the uses of mono-, di-, and polysaccharides by humans
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Explain the levels of complexity exhibited by proteins
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify the amino acids as monomers of proteins
you distinguish essential from non-essential amino acids
you summarize the structure of a peptide bond
you explain how a polypeptide is formed from amino acids
you distinguish between primary, secondary, tertiary and quaterary structure
-
Explain how proteins are used by humans
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you explain the nutritional role of proteins
you explain the meaning of NPU as an indicator of nutritional value
you provide examples of non-nutritional uses of plant proteins
-
Explain the levels of complexity of nucleic acids
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize the structure of nucleotides
you summarize structure of phosphodiester bond
you summarize the structure of a polynucleotide
you summarize molecular polarity of polynucleotide
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Distinguish between DNA and RNA in terms of structure and function
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you provide two distinctions between nucleotides of DNA and RNA
you distinguish between DNA and RNA based on roles
you distinguish between DNA and RNA based on size
you distinguish between DNA and RNA based on strandedness
-
Identify the central feature of lipids
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify the common, uniting feature of all lipids
-
Distinguish primary from secondary metabolites
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you differentiate between primary metabolites and secondary metabolites
-
Identify 4 general types of secondary metabolite
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize the four common categories of secondary metabolite
you distinguish between these categories based on their chemical structure
-
Provide examples of each type of secondary metabolite and their uses
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you cite two or more specific examples of each type of secondary metabolite
-
Provide description of the two basic types of cells
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify the eukaryotic cell types
you identify the prokaryotic cell types
you relate cell type to kingdom classification system
you distinguish between these cell types based on structure and typical cell size
-
Compare and contrast plant and animal cell structures
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you recognize both cells as eukaryotic
you identify cell parts that are found in plants but not animals
you relate cell differences with differences in nutritional "life styles"
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Explain the structure and function of each plant cell part discussed
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize the anatomy of each plant cell part described
you summarize the function of each plant cell part described
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Explain why cells are generally microscopic structures
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you provide an estimate of typical cell size
you calculate surface to volume ratios for cells
you relate ratios to ability to efficiency of material transport
you identify methods used to circumvent surface to volume problem
-
Identify the two major energy conversion processes occurring in a plant
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify photosynthesis and respiration
you explain the role of each process for plant
-
Explain what redox reactions are
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you provide three features of an oxidation or reduction
you recognize that these processes are linked
you associate oxidation with catabolic activities
you associate reduction with anabolic activities
-
Explain the role of enzymes in cellular activities
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize the primary function of enzymes as organic catalysts
you list the essential features of enzymes
-
Explain the role of coenzymes in cellular activities
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you distinguish coenzymes from enzymes
you list the common coenzymes and their functions
you use coenzymes to illustrate the redox phenomenon
-
Provide chemical equations that summarize the respiratory and photosynthetic processes
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you write a balanced equation providing the input and output of the overall respiratory activities
you write a balanced equation providing the input and output of the overall photosynthetic activities
-
Outline the 4 major stages in the respiratory process
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you list in order the four stages of respiration
you provide general description of activities occurring at each stage
-
Explain starting materials, major activities and products of each stage of respiration
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you list the chemicals needed to initiate each step in respiration
you provide description of changes occurring to initial chemicals
you list the products formed during each stage
you explain the redox activities occurring during each stage
-
Explain the meaning of "efficiency" in relation to the respiratory process
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you explain the meaning of energy efficiency
you provide equation for efficiency calculation
you calculate efficiency when given adequate information
-
Outline the two major stages in the photosynthetic process
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify the light-dependent and light-independent reactions
you recognize that two stages are coupled
-
Explain the solar spectrum
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities.
Criteria
you differentiate between wavelength and frequency
you summarize the various types of radiant energy as wavelength increases
you summarize the visible spectrum and the approximate wavelengths in each color
-
Explain the pigments involved in photosynthesis
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify the chlorophylls and the accessory pigments
you provide a general description of the structure of chlorophyll and the porphoryin ring
you summarize the light-harvesting photosystems
-
Explain the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll and the activity spectrum of photosynthesis
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you draw an appropriate graph for the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll
you draw an appropriate graph for the activity spectrum of photosynthesis
you explain the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll
you explain the activity spectrum of photosynthesis
you explain how similarity in spectra provide evidence for chlorophyll's role in photosynthesis
-
Explain the steps of the light-dependent reactions
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you provide a general description of major activities occurring during this stage
-
Explain meaning of types of photosynthesis
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify C3 style of photosynthesis
you identify C4 style of photosynthesis
you identify CAM style of photosynthesis
you explain the benefits of C4 under the appropriate conditions
you explain the benefits of CAM under the appropriate conditions
-
Explain the impact of photorespiration on photsynthetic efficiency
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize photorespiration
you explain impact on photosynthetic efficiency
-
Explain the steps of the light-independent reactions
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize the general events occurring during this stage
-
Explain the "discovery" of genetics
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you provide an adequate definition of genetics
you summarize the background of Mendel's work
-
Explain the relationship between genotype and phenotype
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you use the term genotype appropriately
you use the term phenotype appropriately
you explain that genotype plus environment mold phenotype
-
Explain Mendel's theory of inheritance
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you explain the basic ideas Mendel used to understand the results of his crosses
-
Apply Mendel's ideas to solve genetic problems
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you solve the mono-problems provided
you solve the di-problems provided
you solve the trihybrid problems provided
-
Explain post-Mendelian ideas as covered in lecture
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize the ideas not known to Mendel
you explain why these ideas don't fit Mendelian expectations
-
Apply post-Mendelian ideas to solve genetic problems
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you solve problems involving post-Mendelian ideas
-
Provide description of general cycle of events occurring as a cell develops
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you make a diagram or outline of main steps in cell cycle
you summarize the general cycle of events occurring as a cell develops
-
Explain chromosomes and chromosome complement
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you draw and label the parts of chromosome
you explain the relationship between chromotids
you explain "ploidy"
-
Explain the significance of the S period of interphase
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize the doubling process occurring during S
you recognize that chromotids are replicas of one another
-
Identify the two forms of nuclear division
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify mitotic division
you identify meiotic division
you identify the locations where mitotic division occurs
you identify the locations where meiotic division occurs
-
Compare/contrast the results of the two division processes
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you explain the similarities and differences between two division processes
you explain equational ideas
you explain reductional ideas
-
Explain the chromosomal changes occurring during division
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize the chromosomal changes occurring at each step of the cell cycle
-
Compare determinate to indeterminate growth
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you explain the difference between determinate to indeterminate types of growth
you identify plants as having indeterminate growth
you explain impact of indeterminate growth on aging
-
Explain the meristems of a plant
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify the main function of meristems
you summarize the locations of meristems
you distinguish between primary from secondary meristems
you summarize the anatomy of an apical meristem
you summarize the anatomy of a lateral meristem
-
Distinguish between growth and development
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you explain the difference between accumulating cells and modification of the cell
-
List internal and external factors regulating growth and development
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify several internal features that stimulate growth and development
you identify several external features that stimulate growth and development
-
Give a general description of primary growth
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize primary growth
-
Explain the basic cell types used to form a plant tissue
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize parenchyma and other cell types
you identify the functions of each common cell type
-
Identify the cell types and tissues characteristic of herbaceous roots, stems and leaves
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you draw (or label a drawing) of each organ labeling the typical tissues and cells
-
Explain the transition from meristem to root or shoot anatomy
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you explain the formation of immature tissues from meristem
you explain the formation of mature tissues from immature forms
you identify each tissue on diagram
-
Distinguish between the anatomy of a primary root and a primary stem
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you make a label diagram of each primary organ
you distinguish between a monocot and dicot organ
-
Explain the anatomy of monocot and dicot organs
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you diagram the organ anatomy as found in monocot and dicot plant groups
you summarize the anatomy of monocot organs
you summarize the anatomy of dicot organs
-
Explain the typical anatomy of a leaf
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you draw a monocot leaf structure
you summarize a monocot leaf structure
you draw a dicot leaf structure
you summarize a dicot leaf structure
-
Explain the meaning of "ecological type" relating to leaf structure
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you explain how leaf structure reflects the conditions a plant can grow in
you identify three general ecological types
you identify the features of each type that aid in survival within each type of habitat
-
Distinguish between primary and secondary growth
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize the presence of lateral meristems in plants with secondary growth
you summarize the production of secondary tissues due to lateral meristem activities
you label a detailed diagram of stem cross-section indicating all secondary features visible
you explain common terminology relating to wood
-
Analyze the economically important materials derived from roots, stems and leaves
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you analyze the economically important materials derived from roots
you analyze the economically important materials derived from stems
you analyze the economically important materials derived from leaves
you note these organs as sources of many items essential for humankind
-
Analyzes economically important items derived from monocots and dicots
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you note materials, especially foods, derived from monocots
you note materials, especially foods, derived from dicots
-
Distinguish between sexual and asexual reproduction
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify the key features of sexual reproduction
you identify the key features of asexual reproduction
you explain the meaning of cloning
you recognize which process produces variety in offspring
-
List three methods of asexual reproduction
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize three methods of asexual reproduction
you explain three methods of asexual reproduction
-
Give two examples of asexual reproduction in economically important areas
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize two asexual procedures used for economic gain
-
Explain the phrase "alternation of generations"
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you associate this process with the sexual reproductive process in plants
you draw a simple diagram illustrating this process
you recognize that the alternation process is essential to all sexual reproduction
-
Distinguish between sporophyte and gametophyte generations
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you provide a key feature that identifies each generation
you provide familiar examples of each generation
-
Analyze the stages in each sexual generation
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you list in proper order each significant step in the sporophyte generation
you list in proper order each significant step in the gametophyte generation
-
Explain how a sporophyte (gametophyte) can form a gametophyte (sporophyte)
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you recognize change in ploidy that occurs in this transition
you summarize sporangium and activities leading to gametophyte production
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Distinguish between a monoecious and a dioecious gametophyte generation
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you differentiate between bisexual and unisexual gametophyte
you summarize the increased complexity involved in having unisexual gametophytes
-
Explain the parts of a typical flower
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you list in order the four basic flower parts
you identify the basic parts on a diagram
you summarize the purpose of each part
-
Explain how basic floral parts can be modified to produce variety in flower structure
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you list five general ways flower structure can be modified
you provide examples of each type of modification
you interpret a floral formula
-
Explain the process of microsporogenesis
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you list the steps involved in formation of microspores
you relate microsporogenesis to the general process of sporophyte forming gametopyte
-
Explain how microspores develop into pollen grains
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize how microspores develop into pollen grains
you relate process to general process of gametophyte development
-
Distinguish pollination from fertilization
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you recognize pollination as essential forerunner to fertilization
you recognize that further pollen development must occur prior to fertilization
-
Explain the basic parts of a carpel
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you list macroscopic parts of carpel
you summarize the functions of each part
you identify the source of seeds
you identify the source of fruit
-
Explain the development of an ovule within the ovary
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify the parts of mature ovule
you summarize how female gametophyte develops within the ovule
-
Diagram the female gametophyte within an ovule
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you make a diagram illustrating parts of female gametophyte
you illustrate female gametophyte in relation to whole ovule and ovary wall
-
Explain the development of a pollen grain leading to fertilization
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize how pollen grain growth and development leads to double fertilization
-
Explain "double fertilization"
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you recognize this process as unique to flowering plants
you summarize the fertilization of the egg and central cell
you recognize the role of each fertilization in seed production
-
Explain how fertilization of the female gametophyte leads to production of a seed
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize the development of the fertilized egg and central cell leading to embryo and endosperm formation
you distinguish embryo development in monocots from that in dicots
-
Explain the changes in the ovary wall leading to pericarp formation
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify the ovary wall as source on "container" for developing seeds
you summarize the changes in wall leading to pericarp formation
-
Identify common pollinating agents
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you distinguish biological from physical agents of pollination
you list common examples of each type of agent
-
Explain the features of flowers associated with various types of pollinating agents
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify the key features of flowers that are correlated with each type of pollinating agent
you give examples of flowers associated with each type of pollinator
-
Characterize the nature of the factors influencing plant growth and development
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize the internal influences that regulate growth and development
you summarize the external influences that regulate growth and development
you provide specific examples of such factors
-
Explain a plant growth regulating substance
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize the general features of plant hormones
you identify the five classic plant hormones
you summarize the functions of each plant hormone
you summarize various practical uses of plant hormones
-
Explain the role of environmental factors on plant growth and development
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify the role of light in regulating growth and development
you identify the role of gravity in regulating growth and development
you identify the role of touch in regulating growth and development
you summarize the various types of tropisms and nastic movements exhibited by plants
-
Analyze the seasonal responses of plants to environmental changes
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify the seasonal responses of plants to light
you explain photoperoidism
you explain dormancy
you explain circadian rhythms
-
Identify the role of soil in the life of a plant
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you list the roles soil plays in life of plants
you identify the nutritional role of soil in the life of a plant
you explain how essential plant nutrients have been identified
you summarize positive and negative plant-soil organism interactions
-
Provide evidence that species change over time
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you explain the difference between static and dynamic views of species
you summarize five lines of evidence supporting the evolutionary process
-
Explain the concept of descent with modification
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize the Darwinian view of change over time
you distinguish Darwinian view from inheritance of acquired characteristics
you distinguish natural from artificial selection
-
Explain each of the eight postulates of Darwinian evolution
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify each of Darwin's postulates
you provide evidence in support of each postulate
-
Explain the role of population genetics in evolution
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you relate evolution to Mendelian discoveries
you recognize that evolution acts on phenotypes, not genotypes
you recognize that populations, not individuals, evolve
-
State the Hardy-Weinberg law
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you state the Hardy-Weinberg law
you demonstrate that gene frequency doesn't change in a non-evolving population mathematically
-
Analyze the sources of gene frequency changes
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify the five agents that can change gene frequency in a gene pool
you summarize how each agent can alter frequency
-
Explain two forms of speciation
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize allopatric and sympatric speciation
you explain genetic isolation
-
Explain coevolution
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you explain coevolution
you provide examples of this phenomenon
-
Outline a system of classification for the plant kingdom
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you provide a dichotomous scheme for organizing all members of the plant kingdom
you place a new species within the scheme
you provide justification for the scheme
-
List the key features of each category within the classification scheme
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you provide detailed features of each category within the classification scheme
you compare/contrast the features of each category in the classification scheme
-
Explain the sexual life cycle of representative organisms within each category
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you provide a description of selected organisms within each classification category
you identify the key features used for classification of each representative organism
you label the significant life cycle features on diagrams
-
Explain the levels of complexity encountered in the study of ecology
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify population
you identify community
you identify ecosystem
you provide the distinguishing features of each complexity level
-
State the types of interactions occurring within populations, communities and ecosystems
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize the dynamics occurring within a level of complexity
you recognize the increasing difficulty of analysis as complexity increases
-
Explain how energy and materials move through ecosystems
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize the flow of energy in a system
you explain why energy diminishes as you move through a system
you summarize the cycling of nutrients within a system
-
Relate trophic level to material and energy flow
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you explain the meaning of trophic level
you provide examples of each trophic level
you recognize that energy flow limits the size of higher trophic levels
you explain carrying capacity and limiting nutrient
-
Explain the concept of nutrient cycling
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you recognize that essential material can be reused
you identify examples of nutrient cycling
you provide details of the nitrogen cycle
you provide details of the carbon cycle
you provide details of the phosphorus cycle
-
Explain the general features of the growth of a population
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you identify four factors that influence population size
you explain the effects of each size regulating factor
you diagram a representative growth curve
you label a representative growth curve
-
Explain the process of succession
Assessment Strategies
on exams and lab activities
Criteria
you summarize the dynamics occurring when colonization of a new area occurs
you distinguish primary from secondary successional processes